发明人：
HIKMET, RIFAT,ATA,MUSTAFA | VAN BOMMEL, TIES
摘要：
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a 3D item (100) by means of fused deposition modelling (FDM), the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a shell component (5') comprising a thermoplastic 3D printable shell material having a shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or a shell glass transition temperature (Tgs); b) providing a core component (2') comprising a plurality of thermally conductive wires (3) and a flexible mantle (4) enclosing the plurality of thermally conductive wires (3); c) feeding the shell component (5) into a nozzle (6) of a 3D printer, the nozzle (6) having a nozzle temperature (Tn) being equal to or greater than the shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or the shell glass transition temperature (Tgs); d) a layer-wise depositing of the 3D printable shell material and the core component (2) to provide the 3D item (100) comprising a core-shell layer (100') of 3D printed material, wherein the 3D printed material comprises a core (102) comprising the core component, and shell (105) comprising 3D printed shell material, wherein the shell (105) at least partly encloses the core (102).
权利要求：
CLAIMS:
1. A method for manufacturing a 3D item (100) by means of fused deposition modelling (FDM), said method comprising the steps of: a) providing a shell component (5') comprising a thermoplastic 3D printable shell material having a shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or a shell glass transition temperature (Tgs); b) providing a core component (2') comprising a plurality of N thermally conductive wires (3) and a flexible mantle (4) at least partly enclosing said plurality of thermally conductive wires (3); c) feeding said shell component (5') into a nozzle (6) of a 3D printer, wherein the core component (2') is arranged beside the shell component (5') upon feeding into the nozzle (6), or wherein the shell component (5') at least partially encloses the core component (2') upon feeding into the nozzle (6), said nozzle (6) having a nozzle temperature (Tn) being equal to or greater than said shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or said shell glass transition temperature (Tgs); d) a layer-wise depositing of said 3D printable shell material and said core component (2) to provide said 3D item (100) comprising a core-shell layer (100') of 3D printed material, wherein said 3D printed material comprises a core (102) comprising said core component, and a shell (105) comprising 3D printed shell material, wherein said shell (105) at least partly encloses said core (102).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each thermally conductive wire (3) in the plurality of said thermally conductive wires has a diameter in the range from 5 pm - 200 pm.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each thermally conductive wire (3) in the plurality of said thermally conductive wires is a metal wire or a graphite wire.
4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each thermally conductive wire (3) in the plurality of said thermally conductive wires has a thermal conductivity of at least 50 W-m-1-K-1.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said core component (202') further comprises a filler (207).
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said filler (207) is in the form of continuous or discontinuous wires, pellets, particles, or combination thereof.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein said filler (207) comprises a metal, a thermoplastic material or combination thereof.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said metal is selected from a group consisting of solder and indium.
9. The method according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein said filler (207) has a filler melting temperature (Tmf) being equal to or lower than said nozzle temperature (Tn).
10. The method according to any one of claims 5-9, wherein said filler (207) has a filler melting temperature (Tmf) being lower than said shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or the shell glass transition temperature (Tgs), and wherein said method further comprises the step of: e) heating said 3D item (100) to a treatment temperature (Tt) being greater than said filler melting temperature (Tmf) and lower than said shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or said shell glass transition temperature (Tgs).
11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said flexible mantle (4) has a mantle melting temperature (Tmm) being greater than said nozzle temperature (Tn), and wherein said thermally conductive wires have a wire melting temperature (Tmw) being greater than said nozzle temperature (Tn).
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12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said 3D printer comprises a printer head comprising said nozzle (6), said 3D printer further comprising a platform, wherein said platform is rotatable.
13. A filament (1) for producing a 3D item (100) by means of fused deposition modelling, said filament (1) comprising: a core (2) comprising a core component comprising a plurality of N thermally conductive wires (3) and a flexible mantle (4) enclosing said plurality of thermally conductive wires (3); a shell (5) comprising a shell component comprising a thermoplastic 3D printable shell material having a shell melting temperature (Tms) and/or a shell glass transition temperature (Tgs).
14. A 3D item (100) comprising 3D printed material, wherein said 3D item (100) comprises a plurality of layers (100') of 3D printed material, wherein at least one of said layers (100') comprises a core-shell layer of 3D printed material; wherein said 3D printed material comprises: a core (102) comprising a core component comprising a plurality of thermally conductive wires (103) and a flexible mantle (104) enclosing said plurality of thermally conductive wires (103); and a shell (105) comprising 3D printed shell material, wherein said shell (105) at least partly encloses said core (102).
15. A lighting device comprising said 3D item (100) according to claim 14, wherein said 3D item (100) is configured as a heat sink.