当前申请(专利权)人：
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC
原始申请(专利权)人：
LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC
当前申请(专利权)人地址：
2300 First Street,Suite 204,Livermore, California 94550 US
发明人：
CHANDRASEKARAN, SWETHA | BAUMANN, THEODORE F. | WORSLEY, MARCUS A.
代理人：
FRENTRUP, MARK A. ET AL.
摘要：
Making a carbon aerogel involves 3-D printing an ink to make a printed part, removing the solvent from the printed part, and carbonizing the printed part (with the solvent removed) to make the aerogel. The ink is based on a solution of a resorcinol-formaldehyde resin (RF resin), water, and an organic thickener. Advantageously, the RF resin contains an acid catalyst, which tends to produce carbon aerogels with higher surface areas upon activation than those produced from methods involving an ink composition containing a base catalyzed resin.
技术问题语段：
The technical problem addressed in this patent is the challenge of making carbon aerogels with high surface area and good electrical conductivity through a direct ink writing process. The invention aims to overcome drawbacks present in prior art methods, such as low surface area and viscosity increase of the ink composition during printing. The invention also involves a method of making carbon aerogels by 3-D printing an ink to make a printed part, removing the solvent from the printed part, and carbonizing the printed part (with the solvent removed) to make the aerogel.
技术功效语段：
The patent is about a system and method for 3D printing carbon aerogels using a direct ink writing process. The invention solves challenges in prior art methods by using an acid catalyst to improve the surface area of the aerogels and using a non-GO thickener to delay the increase in viscosity of the ink. The method involves printing an ink, removing the solvent, and carbonizing the printed part to make the aerogel. The invention also addresses the challenge of producing carbon aerogels with high surface area and good electrical conductivity.
权利要求：
CLAIMS
What is claimed is:
1. A method of forming a carbon aerogel, comprising
3-D printing an ink to make a printed part, wherein the ink comprises solvent, a resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, and an organic thickener;
removing the solvent from the printed part; and
carbonizing the printed part to make the aerogel,
wherein the resorcinol-formaldehyde resin comprises an acid catalyst and has a formaldehyde: resorcinol molar ratio greater than 1 :1 ,
wherein the thickener is soluble in water, is made of only C, H, and O atoms, and contains only ether or alcohol functional groups.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ink further comprises a thixotropic agent. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the thixotropic agent comprises fumed silica and the method further comprises HF etching to remove silica from the printed part.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic thickener comprises a soluble cellulose derivative or a soluble polyoxyalkylene compound.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid catalyst comprises acetic acid.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ink further comprises graphene oxide. 7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ink is free of graphene oxide.
8. A carbon aerogel made by the method of claim 1.
9. A 3-D printing ink, comprising:
a solvent comprising water;
an organic thickener;
resorcinol and formaldehyde; and
an acid catalyst that catalyzes a reaction between the resorcinol and formaldehyde,
wherein the thickener is soluble in water, is made of only C, H, and 0 atoms, and contains only ether or alcohol functional groups.
10. The ink of claim 9, further comprising a thixotropic additive.
1 1. The ink of claim 10, wherein the thixotropic additive comprises fumed silica.
12. The ink of claim 9, wherein the acid catalyst comprises acetic acid. 13. The ink of claim 9, wherein the molar ratio of resorcinol to formaldehyde is less than 1 : 1.
14. The ink of claim 9, further comprising graphene oxide. 15. The ink of claim 9, wherein the thickener comprises hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
16. The ink of claim 9, wherein the thickener comprises a polyoxyalkylene compound.
17. The ink of claim 9, comprising 10% to 60% by weight of the resin.
18. A supercapacitor comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the electrodes, wherein at least one of the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator comprises a carbon aerogel according to claim 7.
19. The supercapacitor of claim 18, characterized by a specific capacitance greater than 240 F/g.