权利要求：
CLAIMS
1. A process for manufacturing a false nail (25), comprising the following steps:
a) producing by additive manufacture, from 3D digital data originating from the acquisition of a relief, especially that of the finger intended to receive the false nail, a mold (20) using a first material,
b) depositing onto the mold a layer (22) formed from at least one adhesive composition,
c) depositing onto the mold at least one layer (23) of a coating of a second material, different from the first, so as to form the false nail.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising a step of extracting the false nail from the mold by physical and/or chemical degradation of at least part of the mold.
3. The process as claimed in claim 2, the physical and/or chemical degradation being at least partly performed by heating at least part of the first material.
4. The process as claimed in claim 2 or 3, the physical and/or chemical degradation at least partly being a mechanical degradation consisting in hollowing out.
5. The process as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, the physical and/or chemical degradation being at least partly a chemical degradation, consisting of selective dissolution of the first material using a solvent that is inert toward the adhesive composition and the second material.
6. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, said solvent being chosen from alkanes, such as isoalkanes comprising at least six carbon atoms and gaseous C1-C5 alkanes, ketones, such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, ethers, such as dimethyl ether or diethyl ether, and esters, such as alkyl acetates.
7. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the step of depositing the adhesive composition being performed using a method chosen from the group formed by 2D printing, 3D printing, spraying, dipping and transfer, especially using a coarse brush, a fine brush, a roller, a foam or a pad.
8. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the step of depositing the coating (23) onto the mold being performed so as to at least partly, especially totally, cover the layer (22) of adhesive composition.
9. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the step of depositing the coating (23) onto the mold being performed so as to cover at least one zone of the mold not covered with the layer of adhesive composition.
10. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, steps b) and c) of the process being performed such that the layer (22) of adhesive composition has a different pattern from that formed by the coating.
11. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the layer (22) of adhesive composition forming a pattern extending over all or part of the periphery of the pattern formed by the coating (23).
12. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the deposition of coating being performed using a method chosen from the group formed by thermo forming, 2D printing, 3D printing, injection, dipping and transfer, especially using a coarse brush, a fine brush, a roller, a foam or a pad.
13. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the second material being, before deposition onto the mold, in solid form, especially in the form of a sheet, or in liquid form, especially in molten form, dissolved and/or partially or totally crosslinked.
14. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of cutting-out of the false nail.
15. The process as claimed in claim 14, the step of cutting-out of the false nail being performed manually or automatically, especially using a punch, a laser or water jet or a plasma.
16. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the acquisition of the relief comprises scanning, especially using a 3D scanner, of the end of a user's finger, followed by isolation of a nail part of said scan resulting in the creation of 3D digital data, and the creation of a 3D object forming the mold from the 3D digital data.
17. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the first material being a hot-melt material.
18. The process as claimed in claim 17, said hot-melt material having a melting point of greater than 45°C and preferably between 45°C and 200°C.
19. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the hot-melt material being chosen from waxes, thermoplastic polymers and/or semicrystalline polymers, and is preferably chosen from waxes.
20. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive compound and a solvent.
21. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the adhesive compound being chosen from pressure-sensitive adhesives, especially in dissolved or dispersed form, dissolved adhesives, and glues.
22. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the second material different from the first material being chosen from thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymers.
23. The process as claimed in claim 22, the process comprising the step consisting in exposing the coating layer to the radiation of a UV lamp.
24. The process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the additive manufacture being 3D printing or stereolithography.
25. A false nail obtained by the manufacturing process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 24.
26. A machine for additive manufacture, especially for 3D printing, used for performing the process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 24, configured for the 3D printing of the mold and the coating and optionally the adhesive composition.
27. The machine as claimed in claim 26, comprising a 3D scanner so as to scan the mold coated with adhesive in order to print the coating on the adhesive.
28. A process for manufacturing a false nail intended to cover a user's nail, comprising the following steps:
1) producing, by additive manufacture, by printing and/or by cutting-out, after 2D or 3D digital data acquisition of the nail, in a coating material comprising at least one partially crosslinked compound, a preform having at least one surface portion substantially equal to the developed surface of the nail,
2) finalizing the crosslinking of said coating material.
29. The process as claimed in claim 28, step 1) being performed ex situ.
30. The process as claimed in claim 28 or 29, steps 1) and 2) being performed successively.
31. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 30, step 1) of producing the preform comprising the cutting-out of a sheet of material to the desired shape.
32. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the cutting-out being performed manually or automatically, especially using a punch or by laser.
33. The process as claimed in either of claims 31 and 32, the cutting-out being performed using a printed template as model.
34. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 33, step 1) of producing the preform being performed using a device for additive manufacture, especially by 3D printing or by stereolithography.
35. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 31, step 1) being performed using a 2D printer that is capable of depositing the coating material in a liquid form on a support.
36. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 35, step 1) of producing the preform being performed by depositing said coating material onto a flexible support, especially by printing.
37. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 36, step 1) of producing the preform being preceded by a step of printing on a support, especially on paper, of a pattern corresponding to the developed surface of the false nail to be made.
38. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 37, the preform being made so as to have a flat surface on at least one face, especially having a contour corresponding at least partly to the developed surface of the nail.
39. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 38, the material of the preform being chosen so that its Young's modulus E is between 100 kPa and 50 MPa, especially during the application of the preform to the nail, before total crosslinking of the coating material.
40. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 39, the coating material constituting the preform being chosen so as to be at least 20% deformable before rupture, at the time of application to the nail.
41. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 40, the coating material comprising a compound chosen from polymers or oligomers bearing acrylate and/or
methacrylate functions, optionally in combination with acrylate and/or methacrylate monomers, and/or polymers, oligomers and/or monomers bearing vinyl functions.
42. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 41, the compound of the coating material comprising at least one chemical initiator chosen in particular from oxidizing agents, especially persulfate, and/or at least one photoinitiator chosen in particular from onium salts, pyridinium salts and/or benzophenones.
43. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 42, the finalization of the crosslinking of step 2) being performed via illumination of said coating material with a light source with radiation in the UV range, exposure of said coating material to a source of heat and/or by means of the presence in said coating material of the preform of at least one chemical initiator and/or a photoinitiator.
44. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 43, step 2) of finalization of the crosslinking being performed through a mask cut out by laser, by irradiation through said mask.
45. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 44, also comprising, between steps 1) and 2), a step of positioning the preform on the user's nail or on a support, especially a support simulating such a nail, so as to match the shape of the nail or of the support.
46. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the support simulating the nail being formed by a mold in the shape of the nail, preferably obtained by 3D printing.
47. The process as claimed in either of claims 45 and 46, step 2) of finalization of the crosslinking being performed after removal of the preform from the support simulating the shape of the nail.
48. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 47, comprising a step of depositing a protective layer onto one or both faces of the preform obtained in step 1).
49. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the protective layer being removed before applying the false nail to the nail.
50. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 49, also comprising, between steps 1) and 2), at least one step of treating the nail and/or the preform with a varnish, a crosslinked or non-crosslinked, preferably non-crosslinked, UV gel, or an adhesive composition.
51. The process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 50, comprising the acquisition of 2D or 3D digital data of the relief of the nail or of a developed surface of the nail, the production of the preform taking place using these digital data, especially by calculating a developed surface of the nail.
52. A false nail obtained by performing the process as claimed in any one of claims 28 to 51.
53. A process for manufacturing a false nail, comprising the following steps: i. production, from 2D or 3D digital data of the nail, of a preform forming a reservoir having at least one surface portion substantially equal to the developed surface of a user's nail,
ii. deposition onto the nail and/or onto the preform of a solidifiable composition to allow it to become filled with solidifiable composition, the latter comprising a partially crosslinked compound and/or a non-crosslinkable reactive compound,
iii. positioning of the preform on the nail,
iv. solidification of the solidifiable composition via finalization of crosslinking of the partially crosslinked compound and/or reaction of the non-crosslinkable reactive compound, so as to obtain the false nail.
54. The process as claimed in claim 53, step ii) being performed before and/or after step iii).
55. The process as claimed in claim 53 or 54, the preform forming a reservoir having at least one macroscopic cavity, to receive the solidifiable composition.
56. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 55, the preform forming a reservoir being made of a porous material.
57. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the porous material being chosen from fibrous or alveolar materials.
58. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the porous material being an alveolar material chosen from the group formed by alveolar materials of animal, plant and chemical origin.
59. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the alveolar material of chemical origin being chosen from the group formed by open-cell foams made of cellulose, polyurethane, low-density polyether, polyester, PVA, and silane-based foams.
60. The process as claimed in claim 55, in which the preform is made such that the cavity opens to the exterior via at least one orifice (234).
61. The process as claimed in claim 55, in which the preform is made such that the cavity of the preform opens to the exterior via several orifices.
62. The process as claimed in claim 57, the porous material being a woven or nonwoven fibrous material chosen in particular from materials based on mineral fibers, fibers of animal origin, plant fibers and/or synthetic fibers.
63. The process as claimed in anyone of claims 53 to 62, step i) being performed by cutting out from a sheet.
64. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the cutting-out being performed by laser.
65. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 64, step ii) comprising exposure to energetic radiation, especially UV, of the solidifiable composition comprising a crosslinkable reactive compound in order to achieve partial crosslinking of said compound.
66. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 65, the solidifiable composition comprising at least one partially crosslinked compound chosen from polymers or oligomers bearing acrylate and/or methacrylate functions, optionally in combination with acrylate and/or methacrylate monomers, and/or polymers, oligomers and/or monomers bearing vinyl functions.
67. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 66, activation of finalization of the crosslinking of step iv) being performed via illumination of said solidifiable composition with a light source with radiation in the UV range.
68. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 67, activation of finalization of the crosslinking of step iv) being performed via exposure of said solidifiable composition to a heat source.
69. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 68, activation of finalization of the crosslinking of step iv) being performed at least partly chemically, the solidifiable composition comprising at least one chemical initiator chosen in particular from oxidizing agents, especially persulfate, and/or a photoinitiator chosen in particular from onium salts, pyridinium salts and/or benzophenones.
70. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 69, the solidifiable composition comprising at least one compound chosen from epoxy resins.
71. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 70, step i) of producing the preform being preceded by a step of printing on a support, especially on paper, of the contour of the preform comprising at least the developed surface of the nail.
72. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 71, the preform being made so as to have a substantially flat surface on at least one face.
73. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 72, comprising a step of depositing onto the nail a layer of at least one adhesive composition before step c).
74. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 73, comprising the following steps:
- production of the preform forming the reservoir,
deposition onto the preform forming the reservoir of a solidifiable composition comprising a crosslinkable reactive compound, exposure to UV radiation of the preform so that the reactive compound is partially crosslinked,
- deposition onto the nail of the solidifiable composition comprising the crosslinkable reactive compound or of another composition, positioning of the preform on the nail,
exposure to UV radiation of the preform on the nail so as to finalize the crosslinking of the reactive compound.
75. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 73, comprising the following steps:
production of the preform forming the reservoir,
deposition onto the nail of a solidifiable composition comprising a crosslinkable reactive compound,
- positioning of the preform on the nail,
exposure to UV radiation of the preform on the nail so that the reactive compound is partially crosslinked,
deposition onto the preform of the solidifiable composition or of another composition,
- exposure to UV radiation of the preform so as to obtain crosslinking of the reactive compound.
76. The process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 73, comprising the following steps:
production of the preform forming the reservoir,
deposition onto the preform of a first solidifiable composition comprising a non-crosslinkable reactive compound,
deposition onto the nail of a second solidifiable composition comprising a second non-crosslinkable reactive compound,
positioning of the preform on the nail,
deposition onto the preform of the second solidifiable composition, solidification of the solidifiable compositions by reaction of the reactive compounds.
77. A false nail obtained using the manufacturing process as claimed in any one of claims 53 to 76.
78. A process for manufacturing at least one false nail (20) intended to be applied to a nail, comprising the following steps:
A. manufacture of a mold comprising two shells (310, 311) in the shape of the false nail, one of which has a convex face (314) toward the interior of the mold,
B. deposition of at least one layer formed from at least one adhesive composition onto said convex face (314),
C. injection of at least one coating material into the cavity of the mold,
D. extraction of the false nail (320) from the mold.
79. The process as claimed in claim 78, the extraction of the false nail being performed by opening the mold by separating the shells (310, 311).
80. The process as claimed in claim 78, the extraction of the false nail being performed by physical and/or chemical degradation of at least one of the shells (310; 31 1) of the mold.
81. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 80, the adhesive composition comprising at least one adhesive compound and optionally a solvent.
82. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the adhesive compound being chosen from pressure-sensitive adhesives, especially in dissolved or dispersed form.
83. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 82, in which step A is preceded by a step of acquisition of the relief of the nail, so as to produce tailor-made shells (310, 311) of the mold.
84. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 83, comprising a step of cutting-out of the false nail (320) after extraction thereof from the mold.
85. The process as claimed in the preceding claim, the cutting-out step being performed manually or automatically, especially using a punch, a laser or water jet or a plasma.
86. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 85, comprising a waiting time between steps B and C of between 5 and 30 minutes.
87. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 86, the coating material of step C being chosen from thermoplastic polymers and thermosetting polymers.
88. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 87, the shells of the mold being made by additive manufacture, especially by 3D printing or by stereolithography.
89. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 88, step B of depositing the adhesive composition being performed when the mold is open.
90. The process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 89, step B of depositing the adhesive composition being performed using a method chosen from the group formed by 2D printing, 3D printing, spraying, dipping and transfer, especially using a coarse brush, a fine brush, a roller, a foam or a pad.
91. A false nail (320) obtained by the manufacturing process as claimed in any one of claims 78 to 90.