摘要：
A personal thermal comfort device based on a Peltier effect, and a thermal management method. The device comprises a thermoelectric module, a heat dissipation fan, an external packaging module, a micro-blower, and a micro-hose network; heat dissipation plates are attached to the warm and cold sides of the thermoelectric module, respectively; the thermoelectric module and the heat dissipation fan form an integrated structure by means of the external packaging module provided with a channel; one end of the integrated structure is connected to the micro-blower, and the other end of the integrated structure is connected to the micro-hose network; the micro-blower provides a cold or warm airflow and the micro-hose network guides same to a special garment, so as to provide a required heat source or cold source for the whole human body. The specific thermoelectric module, heat dissipation fan and heat dissipation plates are selected and combined into a detachable, portable thermoelectric conversion device, the micro-blower is selected to send cold energy or heat energy to the special garment, the air supply temperature is set according to a thermal comfort requirement of the human body, the voltage of the thermoelectric conversion device is adjusted by means of a single-neuron PID controller, and the thermal comfort of the human body in a local microenvironment of a building is improved. The whole device has the advantages of portability, excellent energy efficiency and controllable temperature. In combination with a central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system of a building, a local thermal environment can be established, the personal thermal comfort is improved, and the overall energy consumption of the building is reduced.
权利要求：
CLAIMS
What is claimed is:
1. A personal thermal comfort device based on a Peltier effect, characterized by comprising a thermoelectric module, a heat dissipation fan, an external packaging module, a micro-blower, and a micro-hose network, wherein a hot side and a cold side of the thermoelectric module are respectively attached with heat sinks; the thermoelectric module and the heat dissipation fan are integrated into a thermoelectric conversion unit (TECU) by the external packaging module with a channel; the TECU has one end connected to the micro-blower and an other end connected to the micro-hose network; and the micro-blower provides a hot or cold air flow to a garment with the micro-hose network, to provide a heat or cold source for a whole human body.
2. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermoelectric module has a three-layer structure, comprising an intermediate layer composed of a bismuth telluride thermocouple and a deflector connected in series, and alumina ceramic layers on two sides of the intermediate layer.
3. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat dissipation fan is mated with the thermoelectric module in terms of size, and is provided with multiple blades.
4. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat sinks comprise a hot-side heat sink and a cold-side heat sink;
the hot-side heat sink 1s made of red copper, and is provided with straight-through fins; and
the cold-side heat sink is made of aluminum or copper, and is provided with one row, four rows or more than four rows of dense straight-through fins with an optimal thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm and an optimal spacing of 0.5-1.5 mm.
5. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 4, characterized in that,
the hot-side heat sink has an overall size of 40 mm * 40 mm * 11 mm, a base thickness of 3 mm, and is provided with 25 fins, each with a thickness of 0.5 mm; and
the cold-side heat sink is provided with four rows of 0.8 mm thick fins arranged with a spacing of 0.6 mm.
6. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the external packaging module comprises a main frame package, and an external air inlet part and a back cover carrying an air outlet part respectively communicated with two sides of the main frame package;
the external air inlet part comprises a round-hole cylindrical air inlet (4), a rectangular connector (5) between the main frame package and the round-hole cylindrical air inlet, a smooth
surface (6), reserved holes (7), and an internal air inlet (8); the round-hole cylindrical air inlet (4) is connected to the connector (5) between the main frame package and the round-hole cylindrical air inlet through the smooth surface (6); the reserved holes (7) are provided at two ends of a junction between two adjacent sides of the connector (5) between the main frame package and the round-hole cylindrical air inlet to serve as wire positions for the thermoelectric module; and the internal air inlet (8) is provided at a bottom of a side of the connector (5) between the main frame package and the round-hole cylindrical air inlet;
the main frame package is a shell structure; a top end of the main frame package is provided with a round fan exhaust outlet (12); left and right sides of the main frame package are symmetrically provided with second hot-side heat sink vents (16); a back side of the main frame package is sequentially provided with a fan wire hole (13), a first hot-side heat sink vent (15), two thermoelectric module wire holes (14) arranged horizontally and symmetrically, and a counterpart (17) of the internal air inlet (8) from top to bottom; a front side of the main frame package is an open end side defined as a front shell (10); an internal space of the main frame package is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a partition (11) between the hot-side heat sink and the heat dissipation fan; the upper space is provided with a main heat dissipation chamber of the hot-side heat sink, and the fan exhaust outlet; and the lower space is provided with a main heat exchange chamber of the cold-side heat sink; and
the back cover carrying the air outlet part comprises a back cover, a smooth connection surface (20), and a round-hole cylindrical air outlet (21); the back cover has a double-layer structure with a lateral section forming an L-shaped shell; one side of a vertical part of the L-shaped shell is clamped into the front shell (10); and an other side of the vertical part of the L-shaped shell forms a protruding rectangular end, connected to the round-hole cylindrical air outlet (21) through the smooth connection surface (20), at a bottom; and the other side of the vertical part of the L-shaped shell is provided with a counterpart (22) of the first hot-side heat sink vent (15).
7. The personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized in that the micro-hose network has a Y-shaped topology or an O-shaped topology.
8. A thermal management method of the personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) integrating the thermoelectric module with the heat sinks and the heat dissipation fan to form the TECU, and packaging the TECU by the external packaging module; 2) guiding, by a micro-air pump, air through a pipe to pass through the TECU for heat exchange, and sending the air after the heat exchange into the micro-hose network embedded in a wearable garment through a pipe; 3) sending a target voltage to a single-neuron proportional integral differential (PID) controller,
acquiring a control parameter output by the single-neuron PID controller, and deriving a control voltage of the thermoelectric module according to the control parameter; and 4) controlling by a microcontroller, and adjusting a power of the thermoelectric module by means of a pulse width modulation (PWM) wave according to data given by the single-neuron PID controller.
9. The thermal management method of the personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 8, characterized in that in step 3), the single-neuron PID controller is built with a single-neuron PID algorithm, and a single-neuron PID control formula is
Au(k)=K(ox, +0,x, + @,%;)
wherein, Au(k) denotes an increment of a control output, K denotes a neuron gain coefficient; xi1=e(k)-e(k-1), x2=e(k), x3=e(k)-2e(k-1)+e(k-2) are three neuron input signals; e(k)=r(k)-n(k) denotes a temperature deviation signal at a kth sampling period; 7(k) and n(k) denote an expected temperature and an actual temperature of a TECU outlet respectively; w; (i=1,2,3) denotes a weight factor of the corresponding input xi; the weighting factor is adjusted online by the following supervised Hebbian learning rule:
a, (k+1) =o, (k) +n, e(ku(k)(e(k) + Ae(k))
a,(k+1)=a,(k)+nelk)u(k)e(k)+ Ae(k))
a, (k+1)=0,(k)+ne(ku(k)e(k) + Ae(k))
where, #p, 7, and na denote learning rates of proportional, integral and differential components respectively; Ae(k)=e(k)-e(k-1); and u(k)=u(k-1)+Au(k) denotes the control output of the single-neuron PID controller.
10. The thermal management method of the personal thermal comfort device based on the Peltier effect according to claim 8, characterized in that in step 4), according to the control output u(k), a corresponding input voltage value is obtained by means of PWM to control the thermoelectric module to generate different power; in this design, a PWM wave of the microcontroller only adjusts a voltage of 0-5 V; an external power and a PWM module are introduced; the external power provides power for the PWM module; and according to the control output of the microcontroller, the PWM module generates a corresponding input voltage for the thermoelectric module.