当前申请(专利权)人地址：
Bristol & Bath Science Park, Dirac Crescent, Emersons Green, Bristol, BS16 7FR, United Kingdom
摘要：
A system for a combined heat and power (CHP) system comprises a recuperator 10 that heats a compressed gas received from a compressor, a combustor 12 that combusts fuel and the heated compressed gas to form a combustion gas, a turbine 8 for expanding the combustion gas to form exhaust gas and a recuperator bypass system, and an exhaust outlet 18 that expels the exhaust gas to a heater 26 for heating a fluid using heat from the exhaust gas. Also provided is a recuperator channel 28 providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the exhaust outlet through the recuperator, and a bypass channel 22 providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the heater bypassing the recuperator. Also provided is a CHP system additionally incorporating a shaft on which is arranged a compressor 6 and the turbine, the shaft coupled to a load 24, such as a generator. A method of manufacturing the system using additive layer manufacturing is also provided. A computer implemented method for generating an electronic design file representing the system is also provided.
权利要求：
CLAIMS
jt if A combined heat and power system comprising:
a shaft;
a compressor coupled to the shaft to compress intake gas to form compressed gas;
a recuperator to heat the compressed gas to form heated compressed gas;
a combustor to combust a fuel and the heated compressed gas to form combustion gas;
a turbine coupled to the shaft to expand the combustion gas to form exhaust gas;
a load coupled to the shaft;
an exhaust outlet to expel the exhaust gas to a heater for heating a fluid based on heat from the exhaust gas;
a recuperator channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the exhaust outlet through the recuperator; and
a bypass channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the exhaust outlet bypassing the recuperator.
2. The combined heat and power system according to claim 1, comprising a ratio selector to variably adjust a ratio between a first fraction of the exhaust gas routed through the recuperator channel and a second fraction of the exhaust gas routed through the bypass channel.
3. The combined heat and power system according to claim 2, in which the ratio selector is configured to support at least one operating mode in which both the first fraction and the second fraction are non-zero.
4. The combined heat and power system according to any of claims 2 and 3, comprising a fuel supply controller configured to vary a rate of supply of fuel to the combustor depending on the second fraction of the exhaust gas routed through the bypass channel.
5. The combined heat and power system according to any of claims 2 to 4, in which the ratio selector comprises an adjustable barrier to adjust a fraction of an inlet to the bypass channel that is blocked by the adjustable barrier.
6. The combined heat and power system according to claim 5, in which:
the recuperator comprises an annular heat exchanger arranged in an annulus around an exit of a diffuser for supplying the exhaust gas from the turbine to the recuperator;
the bypass channel comprises an annular bypass channel extending around the exit of the diffuser downstream from the recuperator;
the adjustable barrier is configured to move in and out of a central aperture of the annular bypass channel to selectively block a portion of the inlet to the bypass channel.
7. The combined heat and power system according to any preceding claim, comprising a compressor outlet manifold to supply the compressed gas from the compressor to the recuperator.
8. The combined heat and power system according to claim 7, in which the combustor comprises an annular combustor extending around at least one of the turbine and a diffuser for supplying the exhaust gas from the turbine to the recuperator; and
the compressor outlet manifold comprises an annular channel extending around the annular combustor.
9. The combined heat and power system according to any of claims 7 and 8, comprising a bleed channel from the compressor outlet manifold to direct a portion of the compressed gas along at least one of a casing of the turbine and a casing of the combustor.
10. The combined heat and power system according to claim 9, comprising a plurality of nozzle guide vanes to guide the combustion gas from the combustor to the turbine;
in which the bleed channel comprises one or more cavities extending through the nozzle guide vanes.
11. The combined heat and power system according to any of claims 9 and 10, in which the bleed channel is configured to expel said portion of the compressed gas into the combustor through at least one hole in the casing of the combustor.
12. The combined heat and power system according to any preceding claim, in which the recuperator, a casing of the combustor, a casing of the turbine, the exhaust outlet, the recuperator channel and the bypass channel form an integrated mass of consolidated material.
13. The combined heat and power system according to claim 12, in which the heater is also part of said integrated mass of consolidated material.
14. The combined heat and power system according to claim 13, in which the recuperator comprises an annular heat exchanger arranged in an annulus around an exit of a diffuser for supplying the exhaust gas from the turbine to the recuperator; and
the heater comprises a further annular heat exchanger arranged about the circumference of the annular heat exchanger.
15. The combined heat and power system according to any of claims 12 to 14, in which the integrated mass of consolidated material also comprises at least one of:
a diffuser for supplying the exhaust gas from the turbine to the recuperator;
at least a portion of a compressor outlet manifold for supplying the compressed gas from the compressor to the recuperator;
at least a portion of a turbine inlet manifold for supplying the combustion gas from the combustor to the turbine; and
at least a portion of a fuel inlet channel for supplying the fuel to the combustor.
16. The combined heat and power system according to any preceding claim, in which the recuperator channel is configured to pass the exhaust gas through a turn of 90 degrees or less between the turbine and the exhaust outlet.
jo A component for a combined heat and power system, the component comprising:
a recuperator to heat compressed gas received from a compressor to form heated compressed gas;
a combustor casing to house a combustor for combusting a fuel and the heated compressed gas to form combustion gas;
a turbine casing to house a turbine rotor to form a turbine for expanding the combustion gas to form exhaust gas:
an exhaust outlet to expel the exhaust gas to a heater for heating a fluid based on heat from the exhaust gas;
a recuperator channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the exhaust outlet through the recuperator; and
a bypass channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine to the heater bypassing the recuperator.
18. The component of claim 17, further comprising the heater.
19. The component of any of claims 17 and 18, further comprising at least one of:
a diffuser for supplying the exhaust gas from the turbine to the recuperator;
at least a portion of a compressor outlet manifold for supplying the compressed gas from the compressor to the recuperator;
at least a portion of a turbine inlet manifold for supplying the combustion gas from the combustor to the turbine; and
at least a portion of a fuel inlet channel for supplying the fuel to the combustor.
20. A method for manufacturing the component according to any of claims 17 to 19, comprising manufacturing the component by additive manufacture.
21. A computer-readable data structure representing a design of the component according to any of claims 17 to 19.
22. A computer-readable storage medium storing the data structure of claim 21.
23. A computer-implemented method for generating an electronic design file representing a component of a combined heat and power system; the method comprising:
generating the electronic design file specifying the component comprising:
a recuperator to heat compressed gas received from a compressor to form
heated compressed gas;
a combustor casing to house a combustor for combusting a fuel and the
heated compressed gas to form combustion gas;
a turbine casing to house a turbine rotor to form a turbine for expanding the
combustion gas to form exhaust gas;
an exhaust outlet to expel the exhaust gas to a heater for heating a fluid
based on heat from the exhaust gas;
a recuperator channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the
turbine to the exhaust outlet through the recuperator; and
a bypass channel providing a path for the exhaust gas to flow from the turbine
to the heater bypassing the recuperator.
24. The method of claim 23, in which the method comprises adjusting at least one parameter of the component according to design specification data specifying design requirements of the combined heat and power system.
25. The method of claim 24, in which the at least one parameter comprises at least one of
a ratio between a hydraulic diameter of the rect an a hydraulic diameter of the bypass channel;
a frontal area or flow length of the recuperator;
a size of the turbine casing;
a size of the combustor casing;
a size of the heater.