当前申请(专利权)人：
BAE SYSTEMS PLC
原始申请(专利权)人：
BAE SYSTEMS PLC
当前申请(专利权)人地址：
6 Carlton Gardens, LONDON, SW1Y 5AD, United Kingdom
摘要：
A method of forming a metallic component by additive layer manufacturing by applying the following steps: i) using a heat source 4 to melt the surface of a work piece 1, ii) adding metallic material 5 to the melt and moving the heat source 4 relative to the work piece 1 thereby progressively forming a layer of metallic material on the work piece 1, iii) solidifying the formed layer by forced cooling, iv) stress relieving the solidified layer and repeating steps i)-iv). The component can be made using a laser 4 to heat powder either deposited as a bed or blown onto the laser or using an arc to heat wire. Stress relief can be by peening using a pulsed laser or ultra-sonic impact. Apparatus comprises a treatment station 3 and means to move this station relative to a work piece 1. The station comprises a heat source 4, a source of metallic material, cooling means and stress relieving means.
权利要求：
CLAIMS1. A method of forming a metallic component by additive layer manufacturing including the steps of:-a) using a heat source to apply heat to a portion of a surface of a work piece sufficient to melt said portion; b) adding metallic material to the melted portion and moving the heat source relative to the work piece whereby progressively to form a layer of metallic material on the work piece; c) applying forced cooling to the formed layer to bring the layer to a state of crystallisation; d) stress relieving the cooled layer, and repeating steps a) to d) as required whereby to form the component.
2. A method as in claim 1 in which the additive manufacturing method is selected from the group: laser blown powder manufacture; laser powder bed manufacture, and wire and arc manufacture.
3. A method as in claim 1 or 2 in which the step of stress relieving the layer comprises applying high frequency peening to the layer.
4. A method as in claim 3 in which the high frequency peening step comprises applying a pulsed laser to the layer.
5. A method as in claim 3 in which the high frequency peening step comprises applying ultra-sonic impact treatment to the layer.
6. Additive layer manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a metallic component, the apparatus including a treatment station and means to move the treatment station relative to a work piece, the treatment station including a heat source, a source of metallic material, cooling means and stress relieving means, the heat source being sufficient to melt a portion of a surface of the work piece together with metallic material being fed into the heat source whereby to form an added layer of metallic material on the work piece, the cooling means being adapted to cool the added layer to a state of crystallisation, the stress relieving means being adapted to relieve stress in the added layer.
7. Apparatus as in claim 6 in which the stress relieving means is adapted to be applied specifically to the added layer.
8. Apparatus as in claim 7 in which the stress relieving means comprises a pulsed laser whereby to apply laser peening to the added layer.
9. Apparatus as in claim 7 in which the stress relieving means comprises ultrasonic impact treatment means.
10. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 9 in which the heat source is a laser focused upon the work piece surface and the source of metallic material is a powder and gas delivery device adapted to deliver gas carrying the metal powder substantially to the focal point of the laser.
11. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 9 in which the heat source is a laser focused upon the work piece surface and the source of metallic material is is a powder bed in which the work piece is positioned and wherein the bed is filled with metallic powder substantially to a level of the work piece surface.
12. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 9 in which the heat source is a welding arc and the source of metallic material is a metallic wire held on feed means, the arc being positioned whereby to create a weld pool on the surface of the work piece and the feed means being adapted to feed the wire to the weld pool.
13. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 12 in which the cooling means comprises forced gas cooling means.
14. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 13 in which the cooling means comprises cryogenic cooling means.
15. Apparatus as in any of claims 6 to 14 including means to deposit a sacrificial covering upon the cooled added layer.