发明人：
ZHANG, HAI'OU | WANG, KAI | DAI, FUSHENG | ZHAO, XUSHAN | LI, RUNSHENG | WU, JUN | YANG, HAITAO | ZHANG, HUAYU
摘要：
Wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device and method are provided, which belong to the field of wire arc additive manufacturing. The machining device includes a spinning mechanism and a fused deposition modeling mechanism. The spinning mechanism includes a machine tool and a spinning head. The spinning head is installed on the machine tool by a main shaft, and the main shaft is configured to drive the spinning head to rotate to achieve the movement in three vertical directions. The spinning head includes a spinning base and balls. Each of the balls is installed in a corresponding one of arc grooves at a bottom of the spinning base. The fused deposition modeling mechanism includes a moving track, a robot and a heat source generator. The arc moving track is arranged around the machine tool in a surrounding mode. The robot is movably installed on the moving track. The heat source generator is installed at a tail end of the robot. In accordance with the device and the method can achieve the combination of the arc additive manufacturing and the spinning process, and can perform spinning machining on a weld bead with an irregular shape, thus obtaining curved surface parts with excellent surface appearance and mechanical property.
技术功效语段：
This patent describes a device and method for combining wire arc additive manufacturing and spinning processes to create curved surface parts with smooth surfaces and excellent mechanical properties. The device includes a moving robot and a heat source generator for metal fused deposition, as well as a spinning head for rolling metal fused deposition positions. The method involves moving the heat source generator along a predetermined machining path and rotating the spinning head to follow the heat source generator and refine crystal grains. The device can be easily installed on existing machines and achieve the synchronous fused deposition and rolling of curved weld beads, improving surface appearance and mechanical properties. The method also addresses the potential interference between the spinning process and the welding gun, improves stability, and guarantees the spinning head can machine curved surfaces within a large curvature range.
权利要求：
1. A wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device, the device comprising a spinning mechanism and a fused deposition modeling mechanism, wherein the spinning mechanism comprises a machine tool (41) and a spinning head (12), wherein the spinning head (12) is installed on the machine tool (41) by a main shaft (13), the main shaft (13) is configured to drive the spinning head (12) to rotate so as to achieve movements in three vertical directions; the spinning head (12) comprises a spinning base (23) and balls (24), and each of the balls (24) is installed in a corresponding one of first arc grooves at a bottom of the spinning base (23); the fused deposition modeling mechanism comprises a moving track (433), a robot (43), and a heat source generator (11), wherein the arc moving track (433) is arranged around the machine tool (41), the robot (43) is movably installed on the moving track (433), and the heat source generator (111) is installed at a tail end of the robot (43).
2. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to claim 1, wherein the spinning base (23) has a cross-sectional radius R satisfying L>2R, wherein L is determined in such a way that: according to a predetermined curved surface layer of a part, finding out all recessed areas in the predetermined curved surface layer; for each of the all recessed areas, determining a lowest point P of the recessed area, and making a horizontal plane intersecting the recessed area at a height H above the lowest P point so as to obtain a closed contour C which has a plurality of intersection points with a predetermined machining path; and calculating a diameter of an inscribed circle passing through each of the intersection points in the closed contour C, respectively, wherein a minimum value of the diameter is L.
3. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to claim 2, wherein the height H is equal to a height of each of the balls (24) exposed at a lower end of the spinning base (23) plus a height of a weld bead.
4. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to claim 1, wherein the balls (24) comprise three balls, and the three balls (24) are circumferentially and uniformly installed at the bottom of the spinning base (23).
5. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to claim 4, wherein a half of each of the balls (24) is installed in the corresponding one of the first arc grooves at the bottom of the spinning base (23), an axis of the ball (24) is flush with a bottom surface of the spinning base (23); a supporting piece is installed on the bottom surface of the spinning base (23), second arc grooves are formed in the supporting piece, and each of the second arc grooves is configured to support a corresponding one of the balls (24).
6. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to claim 5, wherein a dimension of each portion of the spinning head (12) is denoted by: sinθ = max { D / 2 D 2 + m − h + d sinθ D / 2 D 2 + m + d − h sinθ wherein θ is a maximum curvature angle of a to-be-machined curved surface, D is a diameter of each of the balls, d is a thickness of the supporting piece, m is a distance between the ball and an edge of the spinning base, and h is a distance between a lower end of the supporting piece and an edge of the spinning base.
7. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the moving track (433) is annular or semi-annular.
8. A wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining method using the wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising: moving the robot (43) along the moving track (433), and driving the heat source generator (11) to perform metal fused deposition according to a predetermined machining path; driving, by the main shaft (13), the spinning head (12) to follow the heat source generator (11) and to move along a trajectory of the heat source generator (11), and rotating the spinning head (12) to roll the metal fused deposition position when a metal material is not completely solidified, thus refining crystal grains and enabling a surface of a formed part to be smooth.
9. The wire arc additive manufacturing-spinning combined machining method according to claim 8, wherein the heat source generator (11) is a welding gun; the welding gun is inclined during machining, and an inclination direction of the welding gun is a traveling direction of a weld bead.
10. A spinning mechanism design and curved surface spinning method for arc additive manufacturing, including the design of spinning mechanism and curved surface spinning process method; (1) A spinning mechanism for arc additive manufacturing is designed: the relationship between the size of the part (component) of the spinning mechanism and the maximum slope of the surface is constructed; (2) The invention relates to a curved surface spinning method for arc additive manufacturing: adopting the method of separating the deposition forming mechanism from the spinning mechanism; It is characterized by: (1) the implementing mechanism of the spinning method for arc additive manufacturing includes a deposition forming mechanism and a spinning mechanism. The deposition forming mechanism includes robots, arc moving rails, welding guns, welding machines and other welding equipment, and the spinning mechanism includes machine tools and spinning heads; The deposition forming mechanism is separated from the spinning mechanism, that is, a welding gun is installed on the robot and a spinning head is installed on the spindle of the machine tool; (2) for the specification design of spinning head with complex forming surface, its feature is that there is a certain relationship between the shape features of complex forming surface, such as maximum curvature, maximum slope, and the specification of spinning head, and the specification size of spinning head is determined according to the relationship. (3) using the spinning mechanism, a curved surface spinning process for arc additive manufacturing is proposed: the spinning head moves with the welding gun to spin when the molten pool is not completely solidified; The welding gun is oriented at an angle to the deposition direction to prevent interference.