专利详情

Use of an elastic polymer for production of a porous body in an additive manufacturing method

公开(公告)号：

EP3292795B1

公开(公告)日：

2019-12-18

申请号：

EP2017190082

申请日：

2017-09-08

授权日：

2019-12-18

受理局：

欧洲专利局

专利类型：

授权发明

简单法律状态：

有效

法律状态/事件：

授权 | 异议

IPC分类号：

A47C23/00 | B29C67/00

战略新兴产业分类：

先进石化化工新材料

国民经济行业分类号：

C2190 | C2043 | C2042

当前申请(专利权)人：

COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG

原始申请(专利权)人：

COVESTRO DEUTSCHLAND AG

当前申请(专利权)人地址：

Kaiser-Wilhelm-Allee 60, Leverkusen, DE

工商统一社会信用代码：

工商登记状态：

其他

工商注册地址：

工商成立日期：

2002

工商企业类型：

发明人：

代理机构：

LEVPAT

代理人：

摘要：

It is a feature of a use of an elastic polymer for production of a porous body (10, 20) in an additive manufacturing method that the porous body (10, 20) comprises a three-dimensional network of node points (200) joined to one another by struts (100), and a void volume (300) present between the struts (100), where the struts (100) have an average length of ≥ 200 µm to ≤ 50 mm and the struts (100) have an average thickness of ≥ 100 µm to ≤ 5 mm. The polymer here is an elastomer selected from the following group: thermoset polyurethane elastomers (PUR), thermoplastic copolyamides (TPA), thermoplastic copolyesters (TPC), thermoplastic olefin-based elastomers (TPO), styrene block copolymers (TPS), thermoplastic urethane-based elastomers (TPU), crosslinked thermoplastic olefin-based elastomers (TPV), thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride-based elastomers (PVC), thermoplastic silicone-based elastomers and a combination of at least two of these elastomers.

技术问题语段：

The technical problem addressed in this patent is the use of an elastic polymer for production of a porous body, such as a mattress or cushion, with different elasticity in different regions of the body-supporting element. The invention also relates to the production of cavities in the element using a 3D printer, which can create void volumes and high spatial resolution in the variation of elasticity. Additionally, the invention addresses the importance of air exchange in the body-supporting element for improved comfort.

技术功效语段：

The patent describes a method of layer-by-layer construction using a porous body as a cushion or mattress. The layers are combined to form a complex part by tracing each working plane line by line and moving the working plane upward. The material mixtures exiting the nozzle have a temperature between 80°C and 420°C. The porous body has a void volume of ≥ 50% and ≤99% of its volume, which can be determined easily based on the density of the starting material and the body. The use of the porous body as a cushion or mattress allows for different mechanical properties, such as compression hardness and tan δ values, in different regions of the body for better comfort and support. The invention achieves a modular construction for one-piece cushions and mattresses.

权利要求：

1. Use of an elastic polymer for production of a porous body (10, 20) in an additive manufacturing method, characterized in that the porous body (10, 20) is a mattress, the porous body (10, 20) comprises a three-dimensional network of node points (200) joined to one another by struts (100), and a void volume (300) present between the struts (100), where the struts (100) have an average length of ≥ 200 µm to ≤ 50 mm and the struts (100) have an average thickness of ≥ 100 µm to ≤ 5 mm and in that the polymer is an elastomer selected from the following group: thermoset polyurethane elastomers (PUR), thermoplastic copolyamides (TPA), thermoplastic copolyesters (TPC), thermoplastic olefin-based elastomers (TPO), styrene block copolymers (TPS), thermoplastic urethane-based elastomers (TPU), crosslinked thermoplastic olefin-based elastomers (TPV), thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride-based elastomers (PVC), thermoplastic silicone-based elastomers and a combination of at least two of these elastomers. 2. Use according to Claim 1, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic elastomer and has a melting range (DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; second heating at heating rate 5 K/min) of ≥ 20°C to ≤ 240°C, a Shore A hardness according to DIN ISO 7619-1 of ≥ 40 to ≤ 98 and a melt volume rate (MVR) according to ISO 1133 (190°C, 10 kg) of ≥ 25 to ≤ 90 cm3/10 min. 3. Use according to Claim 1, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic elastomer and has a melting range (DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; second heating at heating rate 5 K/min) of ≥ 20°C to ≤ 200°C, a Shore A hardness according to DIN ISO 7619-1 of ≥ 40 to ≤ 98 and a melt volume rate (MVR) according to ISO 1133 (190°C, 10 kg) of ≥ 25 to ≤ 90 cm3/10 min. 4. Use according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic elastomer and has a melting range (DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; second heating at heating rate 5 K/min) of ≥ 20°C to ≤ 200°C, a Shore A hardness according to DIN ISO 7619-1 of ≥ 40 to ≤ 98, a melt volume rate (MVR) at a temperature T according to ISO 1133 (10 kg) of 5 to 15 cm3/10 min and a change in the melt volume rate (10 kg) in the event of an increase in this temperature T by 20°C of ≤ 90 cm3/10 min. 5. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer obtainable from the reaction of the following components: a) at least one organic diisocyanate b) at least one compound having groups reactive toward isocyanate groups and having a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of ≥ 500 g/mol to ≤ 6000 g/mol and a number-average functionality of the totality of the components under b) of ≥ 1.8 to ≤ 2.5 c) at least one chain extender having a molecular weight (Mn) of 60 - 450 g/mol and a number-average functionality of the totality of the chain extenders under c) of 1.8 to 2.5. 6. Use according to Claim 1, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic elastomer and has a melting range (DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; 2nd heating at heating rate 5 K/min) of ≥ 20°C to ≤ 100°C and has a magnitude of complex viscosity |η*| (determined by viscometry measurement in the melt with a plate/plate oscillation shear viscometer at 100°C and a shear rate of 1/s) of ≥ 10 Pas to ≤ 1 000 000 Pas. 7. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the elastomer is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer obtainable from the reaction of a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component, wherein the polyol component comprises a polyester polyol having a no-flow point (ASTM D5985) of ≥ 25°C. 8. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the void volume (300) in the porous body (10, 20) makes up ≥ 50% to ≤ 99% of the volume of the body (10, 20). 9. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 8, wherein the node points (200) are distributed in the porous body (10, 20) in a periodically repeating manner in at least part of the volume of the body (10, 20). 10. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 9, wherein the void volume (300) in the porous body (10, 20) is formed in the form of mutually penetrating first (310), second (320) and third (330) groups of channels, wherein a multitude of individual channels (311, 321, 331) within each respective group of channels run parallel to one another and the first group of channels (310), the second group of channels (320) and the third group of channels (330) extend in different spatial directions. 11. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the average minimum angle between adjacent struts (100) in the porous body (10, 20) is ≥ 30° to ≤ 140°. 12. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 11, wherein, in the porous body (10, 20), the spatial density of the node points (200) in a first region of the body (10, 20) is different from the spatial density of the node points (200) in a second region of the body (10, 20). 13. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 12, wherein, in the porous body (10, 20), the material of the body (10, 20) in a first region of the body (10, 20) is different from the material in a second region of the body (10, 20).

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